GRAMMAR

THE SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE

The simple present tense is used to explain daily activity, adverb usually this used: today, this morning, every nigth, every Sunday and etc. The simple present tense use verb 1 (kata kerja). The simple present have 2 form it is:

1.      Verbal sentence (kalimat yang menggunakan kata kerja)

It is formula:

(+) S + V1(s/es) + O + C

(- ) S + don’t/ doesn’t +V1 + O + C

(? ) Don’t/ doesn’t + S + V1 + O + C

Example:        

(+) She goes to the market every Sunday

(- ) She doesn’t go to the market every Sunday

(? ) Does she go to the market every Sunday?

Yes, She does

No, She doesn’t

Note: when subjec ( I, you, they, we ) is used V1+ s and when sentence used subjec ( she, he, it ) used V1+es

2.      Be form

It is formula:

(+) S + tobe (is, are,am) + ( Noun/adjective/adverb)

(- ) S + (is,am, are) not + ( Noun/ adjective/adverb)

(?) ( is, am, are ) + S + ( Noun/adjective/adverb)

Example:

(+) She is beautiful every morning

(- ) She isn’t beautiful every morning

(?) Is she beautiful every morning?

Yes, She is

No, She isn’t

Note: when subjec (she, he, it ) is used tobe “Is”, then ( I ) is used tobe “am” and when subjec ( they, we ) is used tobe “are”

THE SIMPLE PAST TENSE

The simple past is explained past, it’s used V2 and adverb usually be used: last week, yesterday, two years ago, last nigth etc. The simple past tense be 2 form:

1.      Verbal sentence (V2)

It is formula:

(+) S + V2 + O + C

(- ) S + didn’t +V1 + O + C

(?) Did + S + V1 + O + C

Example:

(+) I went the hospital yesterday

(- ) I didn’t go the hospital yesterday

(?) Did i go the hospital yesterday?

Yes, i did

No, i didn’t

2.      Be form

It is formula:

(+) S + ( was, were ) + (noun, adjective, adverb)

(- ) S + (was, were ) + not + ( noun, adjective, adverb)

(?) Was/were + S + (noun, adjective, adverb)

Example:

(+) She was sad yesterday

(- ) She wasn’t sad yesterday

(?) Was she sad yesterday?

Yes, She was

No, She wasn’t

Note: when subjec ( i, she, he, it ) used tobe “was” and when subjec (they, we) used tobe “were”

QUESTIONS TAG

Example:

1.      John smokes a lot, doesn’t he?

2.      My mother has lovely hair, doesn’t she?

3.      You do like this film we’re watching, aren’t us?

4.      He can’t speak English very well, can he?

5.      Your brother isn’t married, is he?

6.      She doesn’t cook very well, does she?

7.      We can go to the cinema tomorrow if you want, can’t us?

8.      They don’t have a very nice house, do them?

9.      We should leave before it gets dark, should us?

10.  They mustn’t go too near the lake, must them?